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VMware NSX-T Data Center 3.Xは、現代のデータセンターに対する包括的なネットワーク仮想化およびセキュリティプラットフォームであり、ITチームがネットワークサービスの展開を自動化し、オペレーションを効率化し、セキュリティポストを向上させることができるようにします。認定試験は、NSX-T Data Center 3.Xプラットフォームに関する候補者の知識を評価するために設計されており、アーキテクチャ、インストールと構成、セキュリティ、トラブルシューティングなどのトピックが含まれます。

VMware 3V0-41.22 認定試験は、VMware NSX-T Data Center 3.X の展開と構成における専門知識を持つITプロフェッショナルが自分の能力を証明する絶好の機会です。この認定試験は世界的に認められ、競争の激しい就職市場での候補者の差別化に役立ちます。試験に合格することで、より良い仕事の機会や高い給与を得ることができます。さらに、認定されたプロフェッショナルは、ビジネス要件を満たすスケーラブルで安全なNSX-Tソリューションを設計・実装することで、自分の組織を支援することができます。

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VMware Advanced Deploy VMware NSX-T Data Center 3.X 認定 3V0-41.22 試験問題 (Q12-Q17):

質問 # 12
SIMULATION
Task 7
you are asked to create a custom QoS profile to prioritize the traffic on the phoenix-VLAN segment and limit the rate of ingress traffic.
You need to:
* Create a custom QoS profile for the phoenix-VLAN using the following configuration detail:

* Apply the profile on the 'phoenix-VLAN' segment
Complete the requested task.
Notes: Passwords are contained in the user_readme.txt.
take approximately 5 minutes to complete.
Subsequent tasks may require the completion of this task. This task should

正解：

解説：
See the Explanation part of the Complete Solution and step by step instructions Explanation:
To create a custom QoS profile to prioritize the traffic on the phoenix-VLAN segment and limit the rate of ingress traffic, you need to follow these steps:
Log in to the NSX Manager UI with admin credentials. The default URL is https://<nsx-manager-ip-address>.
Navigate to Networking > Segments > Switching Profiles and click Add Switching Profile. Select QoS as the profile type.
Enter a name and an optional description for the QoS profile, such as phoenix-QoS.
In the Mode section, select Untrusted as the mode from the drop-down menu. This will allow you to set a custom DSCP value for the outbound IP header of the traffic on the segment.
In the Priority section, enter 46 as the DSCP value. This will mark the traffic with Expedited Forwarding (EF) per-hop behavior, which is typically used for high-priority applications such as voice or video.
In the Class of Service section, enter 5 as the CoS value. This will map the DSCP value to a CoS value that can be used by VLAN-based logical ports or physical switches to prioritize the traffic.
In the Ingress section, enter 1000000 as the Average Bandwidth in Kbps. This will limit the rate of inbound traffic from the VMs to the logical network to 1 Mbps.
Optionally, you can also configure Peak Bandwidth and Burst Size settings for the ingress traffic, which will allow some burst traffic above the average bandwidth limit for a short duration.
Click Save to create the QoS profile.
Navigate to Networking > Segments and select the phoenix-VLAN segment that you want to apply the QoS profile to.
Click Actions > Apply Profile and select phoenix-QoS as the switching profile that you want to apply to the segment.
Click Apply to apply the profile to the segment.
You have successfully created a custom QoS profile and applied it to the phoenix-VLAN segment.

質問 # 13
Task 16
You are working to automate your NSX-T deployment and an automation engineer would like to retrieve your BOP routing information from the API.
You need to:
* Run the GET call in the API using Postman
* Save output to the desktop to a text file called API.txt
Complete the requested task.
Notes: Passwords are contained in the user _ readme.txt. This task is not dependent on another. This task should take approximately 5 minutes to complete.

正解：

解説：
See the Explanation part of the Complete Solution and step by step instructions.
Explanation
To run the GET call in the API using Postman and save the output to the desktop to a text file called API.txt, you need to follow these steps:
Open Postman and create a new request tab. Select GET as the method from the drop-down menu.
Enter the URL of the NSX-T Policy API endpoint for retrieving the BGP routing table, such as
https://<nsx-manager-ip-address>/policy/api/v1/infra/tier-0s/vmc/routing-table?enforcement_point_path=/ Click the Authorization tab and select Basic Auth as the type from the drop-down menu. Enter your NSX-T username and password in the Username and Password fields, such as admin and VMware1!.
Click Send to execute the request and view the response in the Body tab. You should see a JSON object with the BGP routing table information, such as routes, next hops, prefixes, etc.
Click Save Response and select Save to a file from the drop-down menu. Enter API.txt as the file name and choose Desktop as the location. Click Save to save the output to your desktop.
You have successfully run the GET call in the API using Postman and saved the output to your desktop to a text file called API.txt.

質問 # 14
SIMULATION
Task 5
You are asked to configure a micro-segmentation policy for a new 3-tier web application that will be deployed to the production environment.
You need to:

Notes:
Passwords are contained in the user_readme.txt. Do not wait for configuration changes to be applied in this task as processing may take some time. The task steps are not dependent on one another. Subsequent tasks may require completion of this task. This task should take approximately 25 minutes to complete.

正解：

解説：
See the Explanation part of the Complete Solution and step by step instructions Explanation:
Step-by-Step Guide
Creating Tags and Security Groups
First, log into the NSX-T Manager GUI and navigate to Inventory > Tags to create tags like "BOSTON-Web" for web servers and assign virtual machines such as BOSTON-web-01a and BOSTON-web-02 a. Repeat for "BOSTON-App" and "BOSTON-DB" with their respective VMs. Then, under Security > Groups, create security groups (e.g., "BOSTON Web-Servers") based on these tags to organize the network logically.
Excluding Virtual Machines
Next, go to Security > Distributed Firewall > Exclusion List and add the "core-A" virtual machine to exclude it from firewall rules, ensuring it operates without distributed firewall restrictions.
Defining Custom Services
Check Security > Services for existing services. If "TCP-9443" and "TCP-3051" are missing, create them by adding new services with the protocol TCP and respective port numbers to handle specific application traffic.
Setting Up the Policy and Rules
Create a new policy named "BOSTON-Web-Application" under Security > Distributed Firewall > Policies. Add rules within this policy:
Allow any source to "BOSTON Web-Servers" for HTTP/HTTPS.
Permit "BOSTON Web-Servers" to "BOSTON App-Servers" on TCP-9443.
Allow "BOSTON App-Servers" to "BOSTON DB-Servers" on TCP-3051. Finally, save and publish the policy to apply the changes.
This setup ensures secure, segmented traffic for the 3-tier web application, an unexpected detail being the need to manually create custom services for specific ports, enhancing flexibility.
Survey Note: Detailed Configuration of Micro-Segmentation Policy in VMware NSX-T Data Center 3.x This note provides a comprehensive guide for configuring a micro-segmentation policy for a 3-tier web application in VMware NSX-T Data Center 3.x, based on the task requirements. The process involves creating tags, security groups, excluding specific virtual machines, defining custom services, and setting up distributed firewall policies. The following sections detail each step, ensuring a thorough understanding for network administrators and security professionals.
Background and Context
Micro-segmentation in VMware NSX-T Data Center is a network security technique that logically divides the data center into distinct security segments, down to the individual workload level, using network virtualization technology. This is particularly crucial for a 3-tier web application, comprising web, application, and database layers, to control traffic and enhance security. The task specifies configuring this for a production environment, with notes indicating passwords are in user_readme.txt and no need to wait for configuration changes, as processing may take time.
Step-by-Step Configuration Process
Step 1: Creating Tags
Tags are used in NSX-T to categorize virtual machines, which can then be grouped for policy application. The process begins by logging into the NSX-T Manager GUI, accessible via a web browser with admin privileges. Navigate to Inventory > Tags, and click "Add Tag" to create the following:
Tag name: "BOSTON-Web", assigned to virtual machines BOSTON-web-01a and BOSTON-web-02a.
Tag name: "BOSTON-App", assigned to BOSTON-app-01a.
Tag name: "BOSTON-DB", assigned to BOSTON-db-01a.
This step ensures each tier of the application is tagged for easy identification and grouping, aligning with the attachment's configuration details.
Step 2: Creating Security Groups
Security groups in NSX-T are logical constructs that define membership based on criteria like tags, enabling targeted policy application. Under Security > Groups, click "Add Group" to create:
Group name: "BOSTON Web-Servers", with criteria set to include the "BOSTON-Web" tag.
Group name: "BOSTON App-Servers", with criteria set to include the "BOSTON-App" tag.
Group name: "BOSTON DB-Servers", with criteria set to include the "BOSTON-DB" tag.
This step organizes the network into manageable segments, facilitating the application of firewall rules to specific tiers.
Step 3: Excluding "core-A" VM from Distributed Firewall
The distributed firewall (DFW) in NSX-T monitors east-west traffic between virtual machines. However, certain VMs, like load balancers or firewalls, may need exclusion to operate without DFW restrictions. Navigate to Security > Distributed Firewall > Exclusion List, click "Add", select "Virtual Machine", and choose "core-A". Click "Save" to exclude it, ensuring it bypasses DFW rules, as per the task's requirement.
Step 4: Defining Custom Services
Firewall rules often require specific services, which may not be predefined. Under Security > Services, check for existing services "TCP-9443" and "TCP-3051". If absent, create them:
Click "Add Service", name it "TCP-9443", set protocol to TCP, and port to 9443.
Repeat for "TCP-3051", with protocol TCP and port 3051.
This step is crucial for handling application-specific traffic, such as the TCP ports mentioned in the policy type (TCP-9443, TCP-3051), ensuring the rules can reference these services.
Step 5: Creating the Policy and Rules
The final step involves creating a distributed firewall policy to enforce micro-segmentation. Navigate to Security > Distributed Firewall > Policies, click "Add Policy", and name it "BOSTON-Web-Application". Add a section, then create the following rules:
Rule Name: "Any-to-Web"
Source: Any (select "Any" or IP Address 0.0.0.0/0)
Destination: "BOSTON Web-Servers" (select the group)
Service: HTTP/HTTPS (predefined service)
Action: Allow
Rule Name: "Web-to-App"
Source: "BOSTON Web-Servers"
Destination: "BOSTON App-Servers"
Service: TCP-9443 (custom service created earlier)
Action: Allow
Rule Name: "App-to-DB"
Source: "BOSTON App-Servers"
Destination: "BOSTON DB-Servers"
Service: TCP-3051 (custom service created earlier)
Action: Allow
After defining the rules, click "Save" and "Publish" to apply the policy. This ensures traffic flows as required: any to web servers for HTTP/HTTPS, web to app on TCP-9443, and app to database on TCP-3051, while maintaining security through segmentation.
Additional Considerations
The task notes indicate no need to wait for configuration changes, as processing may take time, and steps are not dependent, suggesting immediate progression is acceptable. Passwords are in user_readme.txt, implying the user has necessary credentials. The policy order is critical, with rules processed top-to-bottom, and the attachment's "Type: TCP-9443, TCP-3051" likely describes the services used, not affecting the configuration steps directly.
Table: Summary of Configuration Details
Component
Details
Tags
BOSTON-Web (BOSTON-web-01a, BOSTON-web-02a), BOSTON-App (BOSTON-app-01a), BOSTON-DB (BOSTON-db-01a) Security Groups BOSTON Web-Servers (tag BOSTON-Web), BOSTON App-Servers (tag BOSTON-App), BOSTON DB-Servers (tag BOSTON-DB) DFW Exclusion List Virtual Machine: core-A Custom Services TCP-9443 (TCP, port 9443), TCP-3051 (TCP, port 3051) Policy Name BOSTON-Web-Application Firewall Rules Any-to-Web (Any to Web-Servers, HTTP/HTTPS, Allow), Web-to-App (Web to App-Servers, TCP-9443, Allow), App-to-DB (App to DB-Servers, TCP-3051, Allow) This table summarizes the configuration, aiding in verification and documentation.
Unexpected Detail
An unexpected aspect is the need to manually create custom services for TCP-9443 and TCP-3051, which may not be predefined, highlighting the flexibility of NSX-T for application-specific security policies.
Conclusion
This detailed process ensures a robust micro-segmentation policy, securing the 3-tier web application by controlling traffic between tiers and excluding specific VMs from DFW, aligning with best practices for network security in VMware NSX-T Data Center 3.x.

質問 # 15
Task 15
You have been asked to enable logging so that the global operations team can view inv Realize Log Insight that their Service Level Agreements are being met for all network traffic that is going in and out of the NSX environment. This NSX environment is an Active / Active two Data Center design utilizing N-VDSwith BCP.
You need to ensure successful logging for the production NSX-T environment.
You need to:
Verify via putty with SSH that the administrator can connect to all NSX-Transport Nodes. You will use the credentials identified in Putty (admin).
Verify that there is no current active logging enabled by reviewing that directory is empty -/var/log/syslog-
Enable NSX Manager Cluster logging
Select multiple configuration choices that could be appropriate success criteria Enable NSX Edge Node logging Validate logs are generated on each selected appliance by reviewing the "/var/log/syslog" Complete the requested task.
Notes: Passwords are contained in the user _ readme.txt. complete.
These task steps are dependent on one another. This task should take approximately 10 minutes to complete.

正解：

解説：
See the Explanation part of the Complete Solution and step by step instructions.
Explanation
To enable logging for the production NSX-T environment, you need to follow these steps:
Verify via putty with SSH that the administrator can connect to all NSX-Transport Nodes. You can use the credentials identified in Putty (admin) to log in to each transport node. For example, you can use the following command to connect to the sfo01w01en01 edge transport node:ssh admin@sfo01w01en01.
You should see a welcome message and a prompt to enter commands.
Verify that there is no current active logging enabled by reviewing that directory is empty
-/var/log/syslog-. You can use thelscommand to list the files in the /var/log/syslog directory. For example, you can use the following command to check the sfo01w01en01 edge transport node:ls
/var/log/syslog. You should see an empty output if there is no active logging enabled.
Enable NSX Manager Cluster logging. You can use thesearch_web("NSX Manager Cluster logging configuration")tool to find some information on how to configure remote logging for NSX Manager Cluster. One of the results isNSX-T Syslog Configuration Revisited - vDives, which provides the following steps:
Navigate to System > Fabric > Profiles > Node Profiles then select All NSX Nodes then under Syslog Servers click +ADD Enter the IP or FQDN of the syslog server, the Port and Protocol and the desired Log Level then click ADD Select multiple configuration choices that could be appropriate success criteria. You can use thesearch_web("NSX-T logging success criteria")tool to find some information on how to verify and troubleshoot logging for NSX-T. Some of the possible success criteria are:
The syslog server receives log messages from all NSX nodes
The log messages contain relevant information such as timestamp, hostname, facility, severity, message ID, and message content The log messages are formatted and filtered according to the configured settings The log messages are encrypted and authenticated if using secure protocols such as TLS or LI-TLS Enable NSX Edge Node logging. You can use thesearch_web("NSX Edge Node logging configuration")tool to find some information on how to configure remote logging for NSX Edge Node.
One of the results isConfigure Remote Logging - VMware Docs, which provides the following steps:
Run the following command to configure a log server and the types of messages to send to the log server. Multiple facilities or message IDs can be specified as a comma delimited list, without spaces.
set logging-server <hostname-or-ip-address [:port]> proto <proto> level <level> [facility <facility>]
[messageid <messageid>] [serverca <filename>] [clientca <filename>] [certificate <filename>] [key
<filename>] [structured-data <structured-data>]
Validate logs are generated on each selected appliance by reviewing the "/var/log/syslog". You can use thecatortailcommands to view the contents of the /var/log/syslog file on each appliance. For example, you can use the following command to view the last 10 lines of the sfo01w01en01 edge transport node:tail -n 10 /var/log/syslog. You should see log messages similar to this:
2023-04-06T12:34:56+00:00 sfo01w01en01 user.info nsx-edge[1234]: 2023-04-06T12:34:56Z nsx-edge[1234]: INFO: [nsx@6876 comp="nsx-edge" subcomp="nsx-edge" level="INFO" security="False"] Message from nsx-edge You have successfully enabled logging for the production NSX-T environment.

質問 # 16
Task 11
upon testing the newly configured distributed firewall policy for the Boston application. it has been discovered that the Boston-Web virtual machines can be "pinged" via ICMP from the main console. Corporate policy does not allow pings to the Boston VMs.
You need to:
* Troubleshoot ICMP traffic and make any necessary changes to the Boston application security policy.
Complete the requested task.
Notes: Passwords are contained in the user _readme.txt. This task is dependent on Task 5.

正解：

解説：
See the Explanation part of the Complete Solution and step by step instructions.
Explanation
To troubleshoot ICMP traffic and make any necessary changes to the Boston application security policy, you need to follow these steps:
Log in to the NSX Manager UI with admin credentials. The default URL is
https://<nsx-manager-ip-address>.
Navigate to Security > Distributed Firewall and select the firewall policy that applies to the Boston application. For example, select Boston-web-Application.
Click Show IPSec Statistics and view the details of the firewall rule hits and logs. You can see which rules are matching the ICMP traffic and which actions are taken by the firewall.
If you find that the ICMP traffic is allowed by a rule that is not intended for it, you can edit the rule and change the action to Drop or Reject. You can also modify the source, destination, or service criteria of the rule to make it more specific or exclude the ICMP traffic.
If you find that the ICMP traffic is not matched by any rule, you can create a new rule and specify the action as Drop or Reject. You can also specify the source, destination, or service criteria of the rule to match only the ICMP traffic from the main console to the Boston web VMs.
After making the changes, click Publish to apply the firewall policy.
Verify that the ICMP traffic is blocked by pinging the Boston web VMs from the main console again.You should see a message saying "Request timed out" or "Destination unreachable".

質問 # 17
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